skip to content
Dovepress - Open Access to Scientific and Medical Research
View our mobile site

8799

The dual-gate lumen model of renal monoamine transport

Original Research

(3303) Views  (552) Full article downloads

Authors: Marty Hinz, Alvin Stein, Thomas Uncini

Published Date July 2010 Volume 2010:6(1) Pages 387 - 392
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S11704

Marty Hinz1, Alvin Stein2, Thomas Uncini3

1Clinical Research, NeuroResearch Clinics, Inc. Cape Coral, Florida, USA; 2Stein Orthopedic Associates, Plantation, Florida, USA; 3DBS Labs, Duluth, Minnesota, USA

Abstract: The three-phase response of urinary serotonin and dopamine in subjects ­simultaneously taking amino acid precursors of serotonin and dopamine has been defined.1,2 No model exists regarding the renal etiology of the three-phase response. This writing outlines a model explaining the origin of the three-phase response of urinary serotonin and dopamine. A “dual-gate lumen transporter model” for the basolateral monoamine transporters of the kidneys is proposed as being the etiology of the three-phase urinary serotonin and dopamine responses.

Purpose: The purpose of this writing is to document the internal renal function model that has evolved in research during large-scale assay with phase interpretation of urinary serotonin and dopamine.

Patients and methods: In excess of 75,000 urinary monoamine assays from more than 7,500 patients were analyzed. The serotonin and the dopamine phase were determined for specimens submitted in the competitive inhibition state. The phase determination findings were then correlated with peer-reviewed literature.

Results: The correlation between the three-phase response of urinary serotonin and dopamine with internal renal processes of the bilateral monoamine transporter and the apical monoamine transporter of the proximal convoluted renal tubule cells is defined.

Conclusion: The phase of urinary serotonin and dopamine is dependent on the status of the serotonin gate, dopamine gate, and lumen of the basolateral monoamine transporter while in the competitive inhibition state.

Keywords: serotonin, dopamine, basolateral, apical, kidney, proximal




 

Other articles by Dr Marty Hinz

A pilot study differentiating recurrent major depression from bipolar disorder cycling on the depressive pole
Amino acid management of Parkinson’s disease: a case study
Amino acid-responsive Crohn's disease: a case study
APRESS: apical regulatory super system, serotonin, and dopamine interaction
Monoamine depletion by reuptake inhibitors
Neurotransmitter testing of the urine: a comprehensive analysis
Relative nutritional deficiencies associated with centrally acting monoamines
The discrediting of the monoamine hypothesis
Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with monoamine amino acid precursors and organic cation transporter assay interpretation
Urinary neurotransmitter testing: considerations of spot baseline norepinephrine and epinephrine
Validity of urinary monoamine assay sales under the “spot baseline urinary neurotransmitter testing marketing model”


Readers of this article also read:

Both stimulatory and inhibitory effects of dietary 5-hydroxytryptophan and tyrosine are found on urinary excretion of serotonin and dopamine in a large human population
Neurotransmitter testing of the urine: a comprehensive analysis
A pilot study differentiating recurrent major depression from bipolar disorder cycling on the depressive pole
Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with monoamine amino acid precursors and organic cation transporter assay interpretation
Urinary neurotransmitter testing: considerations of spot baseline norepinephrine and epinephrine
Amino acid management of Parkinson’s disease: a case study
Validity of urinary monoamine assay sales under the “spot baseline urinary neurotransmitter testing marketing model”
APRESS: apical regulatory super system, serotonin, and dopamine interaction
The discrediting of the monoamine hypothesis