Back to Journals » Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity » Volume 17
Clinical Characteristics and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Vasospastic Angina [Letter]
Received 11 July 2024
Accepted for publication 16 July 2024
Published 22 July 2024 Volume 2024:17 Pages 2735—2736
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/DMSO.S486527
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Editor who approved publication: Prof. Dr. Juei-Tang Cheng
Bin Zhang, Jing Wang
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, People’s Republic of China
Correspondence: Bin Zhang, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 750004, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]
View the original paper by Dr Teragawa and colleagues
Dear editor
Recently, an original study titled “Clinical Characteristics and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Diabetic and Non-Diabetic Patients with Vasospastic Angina”1 was published by Hiroki Teragawa et al in the reputable journal “Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy”. Firstly, I would like to congratulate the authors and acknowledge their successful publication.
The article concludes that patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) tended to have focal spasm less frequently, and patients with focal spasm may have a worse prognosis. While DM patients with vasospastic angina(VSA) should be managed per established guidelines, those with focal spasm may need to be treated more rigorously.
Current studies suggest that risk factors for the occurrence of coronary artery spasm (CAS) include race, age and gender, smoking, insulin resistance, and hyperinsulinemia. Insulin resistance (IR), as the initiating factor and pathogenic basis of metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular diseases, provides a common soil for the occurrence and development of a variety of diseases, such as coronary heart disease, hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, etc.2
Studies have shown,3–5 The mechanisms underlying the development of CAS may be multifactorial, including autonomic nervous system dysfunction, increased inflammatory response, endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle cell hyperresponsiveness, oxidative stress, respiratory alkalosis, magnesium deficiency, and genetic mutations. Endovascular lesions are the basis of vascular diseases. T2DM is closely related to vascular endothelial dysfunction.
Our suspicion is that the relationship between DM and focal spasm Disease needs to be further investigated.
However, the relationship between DM and focal spasm Disease deserves further study. Finally, long-term clinical observation of focal spasm Disease may also provide more information on the prognosis of patients.
Disclosure
The authors report no conflicts of interest in this communication.
References
1. Teragawa H, Uchimura Y, Oshita C, Hashimoto Y, Nomura S. Clinical characteristics and major adverse cardiovascular events in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with vasospastic angina. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2024;17:2135–2146. doi:10.2147/DMSO.S462234
2. Bian O, Zeng D. Insulin Resistance and Coronary Artery Spasm. The 8th Military Symposium on Health Medicine; 2011.
3. Yasue H, Nakagawa H, Itoh T, et al. Coronary artery spasm--clinical features, diagnosis, pathogenesis, and treatment. J Cardiol. 2008;51(1):2–17. doi:10.1016/j.jjcc.2008.01.001
4. Hung M, Hu P, Hung M-Y. Coronary artery spasm: review and update. Int J Med Sci. 2014;11(11):1161–1171. doi:10.7150/ijms.9623
5. Stern S, de Luna AB. Coronary artery spasm: a 2009 update. Circulation. 2009;119(18):2531–2534. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.843474
© 2024 The Author(s). This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The
full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php
and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution
- Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License.
By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted
without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly
attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms.