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Current strategies to minimize the bleeding risk of warfarin
Authors Snipelisky D, Kusumoto F
Received 8 June 2013
Accepted for publication 28 June 2013
Published 1 August 2013 Volume 2013:4 Pages 89—99
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/JBM.S41404
Checked for plagiarism Yes
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
David Snipelisky,1 Fred Kusumoto2
1Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; 2Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
Abstract: For many decades, the vitamin K antagonist warfarin has been the mainstay of treatment for various conditions that require anticoagulation, including atrial fibrillation. Although the efficacy of warfarin in both prevention and treatment of thrombosis has been demonstrated in numerous randomized clinical studies, one of the major concerns that remains is the risk of bleeding. Although the net benefit of warfarin has been demonstrated in large clinical trials, physicians and patients alike are often reluctant to use warfarin because of the bleeding risk. Bleeding in patients on warfarin is generally minor requiring no intervention, but the development of a major bleeding complication is associated with significant morbidity and can even be fatal. Numerous risk factors that increase the probability of having a hemorrhage while on warfarin have been identified, and bleeding risk scores have been developed. Various strategies to reduce bleeding risks have been developed and have become more important, since the use of warfarin and other anticoagulants continues to increase. This paper provides a concise review of bleeding risk factors, while outlining recommendations both physician and patients can incorporate to help reduce the risk of bleeding.
Keywords: hemorrhage, warfarin, thrombosis, anticoagulants, dabigatran, vitamin K antagonist
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