Back to Journals » Local and Regional Anesthesia » Volume 5
![Highly-accessed](assets/img/article_icons/highly-accessed.png)
Use of perfusion index from pulse oximetry to determine efficacy of stellate ganglion block
Authors Yamazaki H, Nishiyama, Suzuki
Received 27 January 2012
Accepted for publication 1 February 2012
Published 13 March 2012 Volume 2012:5 Pages 9—14
DOI https://doi.org/10.2147/LRA.S30257
Review by Single anonymous peer review
Peer reviewer comments 3
Hajime Yamazaki, Junichi Nishiyama, Toshiyasu Suzuki
Department of Anesthesiology, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
Background: Stellate ganglion block (SGB) is a widely used procedure for treatment of pain in the head and upper body, but the clinical signs used to verify the effectiveness of SGB can be ambiguous or variable in some patients. We observed the chronological changes in perfusion index (PI) from pulse oximetry to determine if these changes correlated with the clinical signs associated with an effective SGB. We hypothesized that PI could provide an easy method to assess the effectiveness of SGB.
Method: We compared the chronologies in PI on the treated and untreated sides of 21 patients in whom treatment by SGB was found to be effective. The SGB was performed by administering 6 mL of 1% mepivacaine. The effectiveness of the SGB was confirmed on the basis of clinical signs. Additionally, in two patients we tested whether increased PI on the treatment side correlated with increased microcirculation as measured by laser-Doppler blood flowmetry.
Results: On the side treated by SGB, PI increased 61.4% in the earlobe and 60.5% from baseline values in the upper limbs, at 5 minutes after initiation of the procedure. Differences in PI before and after treatment were significant at both sites. No time-course increases in PI were found on the untreated side at either site. Following SGB, increases in PI correlated with increases in blood flow as measured by laser-Doppler flowmetry.
Conclusion: PI increased in the earlobe and upper limbs on the treated side of 21 patients who received an effective SGB but not on the untreated side. The positive correlations between changes in PI and both presence of clinical signs and changes in blood flow in the skin microcirculation indicate a sympatholytic effect, suggesting that the PI could be useful in determination of the efficacy of SGB.
Keywords: stellate ganglion block, pulse oximetry, peripheral perfusion, perfusion index, skin microcirculation
© 2012 The Author(s). This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The
full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php
and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution
- Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License.
By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted
without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly
attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms.